Blockchain tokens can be used for many different purposes – for example, to send and receive payments, access services in decentralized applications (DApps), or store and transfer value. The utility of a token is determined by its use case, the market, or the community that issues or adopts it. Tokens can be:

• Fungible – identical and interchangeable, like reward points or units of the same currency
• Non-fungible (NFTs) – often representing unique items such as…

As Cardano evolves under full community governance in 2025, scalability remains one of the top priorities.

Ouroboros Leios is a major redesign of Cardano’s Ouroboros consensus, designed to achieve significant scalability and throughput – pushing Cardano well beyond its current limits. As Cardano’s long-term scaling engine, Leios is a transformative upgrade that paves the way for…

Research has always been integral to Input | Output’s (IO) creative process, allowing for the development of high-assurance blockchain solutions grounded in functional correctness.

Collaborating with researchers and leading universities worldwide, IO addresses challenging research questions to build a solid foundation for fintech blockchain infrastructure. Led by Aggelos Kiayias…

PlutusV3, now available for testing on SanchoNet, introduces advanced Plutus primitives and so provides more tools for developers and unlocks more possibilities for writing smart contracts.

Improved developer experience and smart contract adoption are critical to the flourishing smart contract landscape on Cardano. Over the past year, the emergence and growth of a host of community-built developer tooling and alternative languages have added significantly to developer options and the vibrancy of the Cardano builder ecosystem. To continue building out capability, the Plutus and cryptography teams at Input Output Global…

Security is of the utmost importance in any cryptographic protocol for safeguarding the integrity, confidentiality, and authenticity of transactions and user data.

Mithril is the protocol built on Cardano that prioritizes security while aiming to enhance the efficiency of chain synchronization and state bootstrapping. Mithril introduces a stake-based threshold multi-signature…