Blockchain tokens can be used for many different purposes – for example, to send and receive payments, access services in decentralized applications (DApps), or store and transfer value. The utility of a token is determined by its use case, the market, or the community that issues or adopts it. Tokens can be:

• Fungible – identical and interchangeable, like reward points or units of the same currency
• Non-fungible (NFTs) – often representing unique items such as…

Cardano builds on Bitcoin’s unspent transaction output (UTXO) model, enhancing it for smart contracts and complex applications without sacrificing security or simplicity. This advanced version, extended UTXO (EUTXO), offers significant benefits for developers and users.

In his recent video, Charles Hoskinson highlighted the model’s power:

‘When you look at EUTXO, it’s really hand…

As Cardano evolves under full community governance in 2025, scalability remains one of the top priorities.

Ouroboros Leios is a major redesign of Cardano’s Ouroboros consensus, designed to achieve significant scalability and throughput – pushing Cardano well beyond its current limits. As Cardano’s long-term scaling engine, Leios is a transformative upgrade that paves the way for…

Currently in development, Ouroboros Peras (henceforth Peras) is an advanced upgrade to the Ouroboros Praos consensus protocol that aims to accelerate transaction settlement while maintaining security and resilience on the Cardano blockchain. By introducing a new voting mechanism, Peras will ensure that transaction settling happens significantly faster, reducing the waiting…

While the creativity of innovators is the only limitation to Cardano’s reach, its foundation in peer-reviewed research and scalable architecture makes it a leading blockchain for regulatory compliance, enhanced data protection, and privacy-focused applications.

‘Freeze-and-seize’ is a critical feature for building applications designed to meet regulatory and business…